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题解 vijos P1005 超长数字串/* 题解: 1.通过模拟找出字符串最小的起始数字 minf ; 2.简单的推导表达式求出结果。 */ #include<iostream> #include<cstring> #include<cstdio> #define MAXN 210 int n, fp , ansp; char str[MAXN], minf[MAXN], fir[MAXN], ans[MAXN], temp[MAXN], next[MAXN], ret[MAXN] ; inline void swap(char &a,char &b) //交换字符 { char tmp ; tmp = a, a = b, b = tmp ; } void get_Adjacent(char t[], int x)//得到t相邻的数 {//x = -1减,x = 1加1; char s[MAXN] ; int i, flag = 0 , len = strlen(t) ; for(i = 0 ; i <= len ; i ++) s[i] = t[i] ; if(x == -1) { for(i = len-1 ; i >= 0 && s[i] == '0' ; i --) ; if(i >= 0) s[i] -- ; if(len > 1 && s[0] == '0') flag = -1 ; for(i=i+1 ; i < len ; i ++) s[i] = '9' ; } else { for(i = len-1 ; i >= 0 && s[i] == '9' ; i --) ; if(i >= 0) s[i] ++ ; else flag = 1 ; for(i = i + 1; i < len ; i ++) s[i] = '0' ; } i = 0 ; if(flag == 1) next[i++] = '1' ; for(; i < len+flag ; i ++) next[i] = s[i-flag] ; next[i] = '\0' ; } bool judgment(int p, int len )//判断是否是999991000000这种情况; { int i ; if(str[p] != '1') return false ; for(i = 1 ; i < p ; i ++) if(str[i] != '9') return false ; for(i = 1 ; i+p <= n && i < len ; i ++) if(str[i+p] != '0') return false ; return true ; } void getMin(char s[], char t[])//取较小的,存在s中; { int i, ls = strlen(s), lt = strlen(t) ; if(t[0] == '0' || lt > ls) return ; if(lt < ls) { strcpy(s,t) ; ansp = fp ; return ; } for(i = 0 ; i < ls ; i ++) { if(s[i] > t[i]) break ; else if(s[i] < t[i]) return ; } strcpy(s,t) ; ansp = fp ; } void find_FirstNumber()//找到字符串的开始数字; { int i, j, k, l, len , cnt; for(i = 0 ; i < MAXN-2 ; i++) minf[i] = 'A' ; minf[MAXN-1] = '\0' ; for(l = 1 ; l <= n ; l ++) { for(len = l, i = 2 ; i <= len+1 ; i ++) { fp = i ; if(str[i] == '0') continue ; if(n-i+1 < len) // 如果长度不够,不能分成第二个数 { if(judgment(i, len+1)) { for(j = 0 ; j < len ; j ++) fir[j] = '9' ; fir[j] = '\0' ; getMin(minf, fir) ; continue ; } for(j = 1 ; j < i && str[j] == '9' ; j ++) ; if(j == i) { for(j = 0 ; j+i <= n ; j ++) temp[j] = str[i+j] ; temp[j] = '\0' ; get_Adjacent(temp, -1) ; k = j , cnt =1 ; while(next[j-1] == '9' && cnt<i) k -- , j--, cnt++; for(j = 0 ; j < k ; j ++) fir[j] = next[j] ; for(j = 1; j < i ; j ++) fir[k+j-1] = str[j] ; fir[k+j-1] = '\0' ; getMin(minf, fir) ; continue ; } for(j = 1 ; j < i ; j ++) fir[len-j] = str[i-j] ; fir[len] = '\0' ; for(j = 0 ; j <= len-i ; j ++) fir[j] = str[i+j] ; get_Adjacent(fir, 1) ; for(j = 0 ; j < len && i+j <= n ; j ++) if(next[j] != str[i+j]) break ; if(j < len && i+j <= n) continue ; else { getMin(minf, fir ) ; continue ; } }// temp为第二个数; if(judgment(i, len + 1)) { len ++ ; for(j = 1 ; j < len ; j ++) temp[j] = '0' ; temp[0] = '1' ; temp[j] = '\0' ; for(j = 0 ; j < len-1 ; j ++ ) fir[j] = '9' ; fir[j] = '\0' ; } else { for(j = 0 ; j < len ; j ++) temp[j] = str[j+i] ; temp[j] = '\0' ; get_Adjacent(temp, -1) ; //得到第一个数(next); for(j = 1 ; j < i ; j ++) // 与str[1-i-1]比较; if(next[len-j] != str[i-j]) break ; if(j < i) continue ; strcpy(fir, next) ; }//比较下一个数; k = i + len ; while(k <= n) { get_Adjacent(temp, 1) ; //得到比temp大1的数(next); len = strlen(next) ; for(j = 0 ; k+j <= n && j < len ; j ++) //从高位到低位比较; if(next[j] != str[k+j]) break ; if(k+j <= n && j < len) break ; //比较失败; strcpy(temp, next) ; k += len ; } if(k > n) getMin(minf, fir) ; } } } void bigAdd(char a[], char b[])//大数加; { int la = strlen(a) , lb = strlen(b) , i, j, carrt=0, tmp, cnt=0; for(i=la-1, j=lb-1; i>=0 && j>=0; i--, j--) { tmp=a[i]+b[j]-'0'-'0'+carrt; carrt=tmp/10; ret[cnt++]=tmp%10+'0'; } for(;i>=0;i--) { tmp=a[i]-'0'+carrt; carrt=tmp/10; ret[cnt++]=tmp%10+'0'; } for(;j>=0;j--) { tmp=b[j]-'0'+carrt; carrt=tmp/10; ret[cnt++]=tmp%10+'0'; } while(carrt) { ret[cnt++]=carrt%10+'0'; carrt/=10; } ret[cnt++]='\0'; for(i=0;i<cnt/2;i++) swap(ret[i],ret[cnt-i-2]); strcpy(a,ret); } void bigMutil(char a[], int b)//大数乘以int b { int i, len = strlen(a) ; for(i = 0 ; i <= len ; i ++) next[i] = a[i] ; for(i = 1 ; i < b ; i ++) bigAdd(a, next) ; } void cal_Temp() //计算表达式; { int i, j, len = strlen(minf) ; for(i = 1 ; i < len && minf[i] == '0' ; i ++) ; if(i == len && minf[0] == '1') { temp[0] = '0' ; temp[1] = '\0' ; return ; } j = i = 1 ; temp[0] = minf[0] - 1 ; if(temp[0] == '0') i = 0 ; for(; i <= len ; i ++, j ++) temp[i] = minf[j] ; } void solve()//算结果; { ans[0]='0', ans[1]='\0'; char a[MAXN] ; int i, j, cnt, t, len = strlen(minf) ; for(i = 1 ; i < len ; i ++) { t = i*9 ; cnt = 0 ; while(t) { a[++cnt] = t % 10 + '0' ; t /= 10 ; } for(j = 0 ; j < cnt ; j ++) temp[j] = a[cnt-j] ; cnt = j ; for(j = 0; j < i-1 ; j ++) temp[cnt++] = '0' ; temp[cnt] = '\0' ; bigAdd(ans, temp) ; } cal_Temp() ; bigMutil(temp, len) ; bigAdd(ans, temp); for(i = -1 ; i <= len-ansp ; i ++) //ans - fp + 1 ; { get_Adjacent(ans, 1 ) ; strcpy(ans, next) ; } } bool special_Judge()//特判:00000123前导0超过一半的情况; { n -- ; int i, j ; for(i = 1 ; i <= n && str[i] == '0' ; i ++) ; if(i <= n/2 + 1) return false ; ansp = i ; if(i > n) { minf[0] = '1' ; for(j = 1 ; j <= n ; j ++) minf[j] = '0' ; minf[j] = '\0' ; } else { for(j = 0 ;i+j <= n ; j ++) minf[j] = str[i+j] ; for(; j < n ; j ++) minf[j] = '0' ; minf[j] = '\0' ; } return true ; } int main() { int t=0; str[0] ='0' ; while(~scanf("%s", str+1)) { n = strlen(str) ; if(!special_Judge()) find_FirstNumber() ; solve() ; printf("%s\n", ans) ; } return 0 ; } /* 1999992 1011 1211 123124 100100110 0011 995143607111928084161898348990368506203876045051113601694026981559342147542641771946320886795764781059048109231714142463429974755367726423309714504595670001274997227000 84758406235702277560211647229969241252843632232263316840334084618034323342478126 00318352101900777636318269121217223953548347235245637487349917821471744390992634 3134389 */ Followed by:
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